RÜZGAR ÜSTÜ
TR

Rüzgar Üstü · Media Hub

Tell sailing
the right way.

Who organises a race, who wins it, and why the first boat to finish may not be the winner. A reference hub for journalists, editors and content teams, built on official sources.

At a glance

On the Bosphorus or in Cascais, the same rulebook.

Sailing is a sport with shared rules worldwide: the same signals, the same right-of-way rules, the same scoring logic.

1907Year the international governing body (today’s World Sailing) was founded
140+National authorities are members of World Sailing; TYF represents Türkiye
4 yearsThe Racing Rules of Sailing are revised every Olympic cycle; the current edition covers 2025–2028
10Sailing medal events at the LA 2028 Olympic Games

Who’s who

Who writes the rules, who awards titles, who runs the race

The most common confusion in coverage is who organised a race and which title it may carry.

International

World Sailing

The international federation for sailing. It publishes the Racing Rules of Sailing (RRS), governs Olympic sailing, recognises classes and sets the Offshore Special Regulations (OSR).

National

Turkish Sailing Federation (TYF)

The national sailing federation of Türkiye and a member of World Sailing. Only the federation may organise Türkiye Championships.

Organiser

Clubs

Apart from the federation’s own events, races are hosted by a sailing club or a sports company. A race name that includes a title requires the federation’s written permission.

Boat and class

Class associations

Associations that manage the technical rules and championships of classes such as Optimist, ILCA and J/70.

Rating authority

ORC · Offshore Racing Congress

Runs a rating system based on a velocity prediction program (VPP), so that different boats can be compared fairly in the same race. Most major yacht races in Türkiye have used ORC since 2025.

Rating authority

IRC · RORC and Yacht Club de France

A handicap system run jointly by the Royal Ocean Racing Club in the UK and Yacht Club de France. In Türkiye, the rule authority is the Turkish Offshore Racing Club (TAYK).

Who is the organiser?

Companies and agencies cannot organise a race on their own

Summary of TYF 2026 Principle Decisions · articles 2.1.a, 2.1.h and 2.4

General principle
No individual, company or institution may run a race alone as organiser; a sailing club or sports company must act as host.
Other organisations
Other federations and private organisations from Türkiye or abroad must work with the sailing club or sports company at the race location.
International races
All international races held in Türkiye must be included in the federation’s activity programme.
In your story
Name the brand or agency as an organising partner, alongside the host club.

Race formats

One sport, very different races

The story depends on the format: the winner may be decided by finishing order, by a head-to-head duel or by a time calculation.

Most common format

Fleet racing

Many boats start at the same time. Each race result becomes points across the series; the lowest total wins.

Head to head

Match race

Two boats race each other directly. Umpires decide on the water; the America’s Cup is the best-known example of this format.

Long distance

Offshore and coastal racing

Courses lasting hours or days. Boats of different sizes are usually compared using ORC or IRC ratings.

Identical boats

One-design

Every boat is the same design; the first to finish wins. The difference is in the crew and the tactics.

Olympic

Olympic sailing

LA 2028 programme: iQFOiL, Formula Kite, ILCA 6 and ILCA 7, 49er and 49erFX, mixed 470 and Nacra 17.

Crew formats

Team racing and leagues

Formats in which several boats race for a combined score. Inter-club leagues belong to this group.

Teams and brands

Who is on board, and who is behind the logo?

A race boat may be backed by a brand, a company, a club or a sailing school. Each is a different angle for a story.

Sponsored team

The team name may be a brand

Teams often carry the sponsor’s name; the boat’s own name and sail number are separate. A story should mention all three.

Professional sailors

Sailing can be a profession

Some sailors race professionally as helm, tactician or trimmer. Crews that mix professionals and amateurs are common.

Corporate team

Employees on the water

A crew made up of a company’s own employees is a separate story from sponsorship, with its own value for business and economy pages.

School and club boats

The boat may belong to a sailing school

Many crews race on a sailing school’s or club’s boat. Naming the owner makes the work of the school and its students visible.

Boat fact sheet

Include these details when writing about a boat

All of this is available from the entry list and the results sheet at the race office. Check anything you are unsure about with the team or the club.

Boat name
The boat’s own name and sail number
Class
The class or division, such as J/70, ILCA 7 or ORC B
Team and sponsor
The team name, and the sponsor if there is one
Owner
An individual, company, club or sailing school
Skipper
The crew leader; always name the skipper
Helm and crew
Who steers, and each crew member’s role
Club
The club the boat or crew represents

ORC and IRC

Why the first boat to finish may not be the winner

When boats of different size and design race together, each boat’s time is multiplied or adjusted by a rating. Results are ranked on this corrected time.

ORC

Run by
Offshore Racing Congress
How it works
A program (VPP) that predicts how fast a boat will sail at different wind speeds and angles, based on its measurements
Documents
ORC International: full measurement. ORC Club: some data declared or taken from other sources
Calculation
Time on time, time on distance or methods that vary with conditions; the notice of race sets which one applies
Reading tip
GPH is a general indicator in seconds per mile; a lower GPH means a faster boat
In Türkiye
Most major yacht races have used ORC since 2025; according to ORC, Türkiye has more than 300 ORC certificates

IRC

Run by
RORC Rating Office and Yacht Club de France
How it works
A system with an unpublished formula and limited inputs; each boat receives a single rating (TCC)
Documents
Endorsed certificate: data verified by a measurer. Some races require it
Calculation
Corrected time = elapsed time × TCC. TYF General Yacht Racing Rules use the same formula for IRC
Reading tip
A higher TCC means a faster boat
In Türkiye
Rule authority is TAYK; certificate applications and the list of approved measurers are handled by TAYK (tayk@tayk.org.tr)

Try it

Two boats, one winner: calculate with IRC

Boat A · larger and faster
Boat B · smaller

Sample values for illustration. Actual results follow the scoring system in the notice of race and each boat’s valid certificate.

Rules and flags

What happens on the water?

The Racing Rules of Sailing 2025–2028 are published by World Sailing. One of their basic principles is sportsmanship: unless she is exonerated, a boat that breaks a rule promptly takes an appropriate penalty, which may be to retire.

The start: a five-minute countdown

5Warning signal · class flag up
4Preparatory signal · P, I, Z, U or black flag
1Preparatory flag down · long sound
0Start · class flag down

Who gives way? Five key rules

  • Rule 10A boat on port tack keeps clear of a boat on starboard tack.
  • Rule 11When two boats on the same tack are overlapped, the windward boat keeps clear of the leeward boat.
  • Rule 12When two boats on the same tack are not overlapped, the boat clear astern keeps clear of the boat clear ahead.
  • Rule 13After passing head to wind, a tacking boat keeps clear of others until she is on a close-hauled course.
  • Rule 18In the zone around a mark (usually three hull lengths), an overlapped outside boat gives the inside boat mark-room.

What do the flags mean?

PPreparatory signal; standard start
IA boat over the line in the last minute must return around an end of the line
ZA 20% scoring penalty is applied to any boat entering the triangle formed by the starting line ends and the first mark in the final minute
UA boat inside the same triangle in the last minute is disqualified without a hearing
Black flagLike U; the boat remains disqualified even if the start is repeated
XIndividual recall: one or more boats started early
First substituteGeneral recall: the start is repeated
APPostponement: races not yet started are postponed
NAbandonment: races already started are void
Red flagProtest: the boat hails “Protest”; boats longer than 6 metres also display a red flag
Orange flagThe pole it is flown from marks one end of the starting line, usually on the committee boat
VBoats monitor the race committee’s radio channel for search and rescue instructions
Penalties

Penalty turns

A boat that breaks a right-of-way rule takes a two-turns penalty; a boat that touches a mark takes one turn. If the dispute remains, a protest is lodged and the jury decides.

Scoring

Lowest score wins

First place scores 1 point, second 2. The worst result is excluded from the series score by default; the notice of race may set a different system. Unless stated otherwise, the codes below score points equal to the number of boats entered in the series plus one.

DNS did not startDNF did not finishOCS on the course side at the startDSQ disqualifiedDNC did not come to the starting area

Live tracking

Follow the race on screen

Race calendars, entries and live rankings for races in Türkiye are on one platform, and international races can be followed live via satellite or GPS trackers. The tracking system and link are given in the notice of race or on the organiser’s website.

Races in Türkiye

Sail Club · sailracing.club

The platform clubs in Türkiye use for race entries, live rankings and results. Races from 33 clubs (September 2026) and events abroad with Turkish crews in one calendar.

Watch on
Sail Club app (iOS, Android) and web
On screen
Live races, entry lists, live rankings
Afterwards
Results, podium and race archive
Offshore and long distance

YB Tracking · YB Races

Satellite trackers. Because they report positions far from land and mobile networks, they are widely used in offshore and ocean racing.

Watch on
Free YB Races app and web
On screen
Position and track, speed, distance to finish, live leaderboard by division
Afterwards
Race replay
Short courses and one-design

Vakaros · RaceSense

The Atlas 2 unit on board sends positions to receivers set up around the course. Used at championships of classes such as J/70, ILCA and Star, and at SailGP Inspire.

Watch on
Vakaros live viewer, open to spectators and media
On screen
Position, speed, heading, distance to the start line
Afterwards
Replay and detailed analysis
The on-screen leader is not the official resultTracking screens usually rank by position or distance to finish. In handicap classes, the winner is decided on corrected time.
Positions may be delayedWith satellite tracking in particular, positions update at intervals; what you see on screen may not be what is happening on the water.
Official results come from the committeeResults become final once the race committee has posted them and the protest process is complete.
Replays add value to a storyStarts, key moments and finishes can be described from the replay. Credit the source when using screenshots.

Media on the water

Watching the race from the water

Some organising clubs, within their means, provide a boat for media, access to the race office, and work with official photographers and drone teams. The starting point is always the same: contact the organising club in advance.

Media boat

Watch the race up close

Where a media boat is available, it goes to points where you can watch the course and the start line without affecting the race. Places are limited; registration is required in advance.

Judges and committee

Get information at the source

The race committee and jury are reached through the race office. Course, postponement, protest and results information is published on the official notice board.

Photo and video

Ask for official images

Many races have an official photographer and video team. Images are shared through the organiser, with photographer credit and usage terms.

Drone

Aerial filming requires permission

Drone flights over the race area require the organiser’s approval; in Türkiye, drone use is also subject to the regulations of the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (SHGM). Asking the official drone team for footage is often the fastest route.

Ask the organiser

Seven questions to settle before the race

  1. Is there a media boat?How many people, what time, and from which pontoon?
  2. Who is the race office contact?Who can you send committee and jury questions to?
  3. Who are the official photographer and drone team?Where, when and with what credit are images shared?
  4. When are results and press releases issued?At what time are daily results and the press release published?
  5. When can you reach the sailors?The best moment for interviews is usually after the boats return to the harbour.
  6. Is there a live tracking link?Will a Sail Club, YB or Vakaros page be shared?
  7. Which radio channel?The committee’s VHF channel is given in the sailing instructions and is monitored on the media boat. In an emergency, use VHF channel 16 and 112.
Safety on the water

Rules on the media boat

The media boat does not assist racing boats, block their wind or disturb their course with its wake. The support and spectator boat rules in the sailing instructions apply.

Life jackets are worn, the boat driver’s instructions come first, and the committee’s VHF channel is monitored. Do not enter the start line, the marks or the course area.

If you cannot reach the organiser, use the club details in our directory or write to us, and we will connect you with the right person.

Getting it right

The most common mistakes in coverage

Small differences decide whether readers understand the race. Sailors and clubs notice these details too.

IncorrectClub X organised the Türkiye Championship
CorrectThe Türkiye Championship, organised by TYF, was hosted by Club XTYF 2026 Principle Decisions, articles 2.1.i and 11.11: the right to organise Türkiye Championships belongs to the federation. Clubs may use titles such as “Cup”, “Trophy” and “League” only with the federation’s written permission (article 2.9).
IncorrectAgency X organised a sailing race
CorrectHosted by Y Sailing Club, with Agency X as organising partnerTYF 2026 Principle Decisions, article 2.1.h: races are hosted by a sailing club or a sports company.
IncorrectThe first boat to finish won the race
CorrectX was first to finish; Y won on corrected timeHandicap racing has two separate achievements: line honours and first place on corrected time.
IncorrectThe boat sailed at 20 knots per hour
CorrectThe boat reached 20 knotsA knot already means one nautical mile per hour. One nautical mile is 1,852 metres.
IncorrectLaser class
CorrectILCA class (ILCA 6 and ILCA 7)Use official class names: J/70, 49er, 49erFX, Nacra 17, iQFOiL, Formula Kite.
IncorrectThe captain led the boat to victory
CorrectSkipper, helm or tactician: state the crew roleOn a race boat the skipper leads the crew but does not always steer. The crew list is available from the race office.
IncorrectThe results are in
CorrectProvisional results were publishedResults are not final until the protest time limit has passed and the jury has ruled.
IncorrectX Holding finished second
CorrectThe boat “Y”, backed by X Holding and skippered by Z, finished secondBrands do not race; boats and crews do. A sponsored team and a corporate team made up of employees should also be described differently.
IncorrectYoung sailors performed well
CorrectA student crew racing on X Sailing School’s boat finished third with skipper YNaming the school or club that owns the boat, and the skipper, makes the story concrete.

Glossary

Words you will hear on race day

Our name comes from this list too.

Rüzgarüstü · rüzgaraltıwindward · leeward

The side the wind comes from and the side it blows towards. The basis of the right-of-way rules.

İskele · sancakport · starboard

The left and right side of the boat. A boat on starboard tack has right of way over a boat on port tack (rule 10).

Orsaupwind

Sailing as close to the wind as possible. Most races begin with an upwind leg.

Pupadownwind

Sailing with the wind from behind. The leg where spinnakers are flown.

Tramolatack

Changing direction by turning the bow through the wind.

Kavançagybe

Changing direction by turning the stern through the wind.

Şamandıramark

A mark that defines the course and must be rounded.

Start hattıstarting line

An imaginary line, usually between the committee boat and a mark, as defined in the sailing instructions.

Komite teknesicommittee boat

The boat from which the race committee gives signals.

Balon · gennakerspinnaker

Large, light sails used downwind and on a reach.

Foilfoil

Wings that lift the boat out of the water. iQFOiL and Formula Kite are Olympic examples.

Eş tekneone-design

A class in which the same design races; no handicap applies.

Geçen süre · düzeltilmiş süreelapsed · corrected

The actual time spent on the course, and the time after the rating is applied.

Protesto · jüriprotest · jury

An allegation that a rule was broken, and the panel that hears it and decides.

Kontratack

The side from which the boat takes the wind: a boat with the wind on her starboard side is on starboard tack.

Bindirmeoverlap

When two boats overlap in length; decisive in the right-of-way and mark-room rules.

İlk finişline honours

Crossing the finish line first; in handicap racing this may not mean winning.

Skipper · taktisyen · pruvacıskipper · tactician · bow person

The crew leader, the person who makes course and tactical decisions, and the person who runs manoeuvres at the bow.

On the water, whatever happens, is told here.

International Partnership

Let’s tell sailing together

We create joint content with international races, clubs, brands and media. Wherever your race takes place, we can present it in Turkish to the Turkish sailing community, write your brand’s story in sailing, or provide content from Turkish sailing for your publication.

Rüzgar Üstü is an independent, not-for-profit sailing publication. Partnerships are free of charge and do not involve the sale of advertising space; our editorial team decides what is published and how.

Races and clubs

Your race, told in Turkish

For international races and clubs, wherever they are held, that want to reach the Turkish sailing community.

  • A Turkish preview and a “What’s This Race About?” feature
  • A Turkish summary of entry, participation and travel information
  • Announcements to the community on our site, newsletter, Instagram and podcast
  • Sharing your live tracking link with the community
  • Following Turkish crews at your race, with results coverage and interviews
  • Sharing your media boat, official photographer and drone team details with the press

If you want to hold a race in Türkiye: under TYF rules, races are hosted by a sailing club or a sports company. We can help you connect with clubs in our directory.

Brands

Brand partnerships

For brands involved in sailing as sponsors, suppliers or corporate teams.

  • The story behind the sponsorship: why sailing, why this team
  • Stories of corporate teams and employee crews
  • Coverage of sustainability and youth programmes
  • Fact-checked articles, not copies of press releases
Media outlets

Content for your publication

For magazines, websites, podcasts and broadcasters that want to follow Turkish sailing.

  • News and results summaries from races in Türkiye
  • Content in Turkish and English, co-publishing and republishing
  • Photo selections with photographer credit
  • Podcast guest exchange

Our current series

What’s This Race About?Who Is This Team?Why Is This Logo Here?Who Carries the Sail?
1 · ApplyFill in the form and briefly describe your organisation, your race or your proposal.
2 · ReviewTogether we clarify the value of the proposal for our readers and for Turkish sailing.
3 · ReplyWe will write to you from info@rüzgarüstü.com.

Press contact

Have a question?

Write to us with questions about races, classes or rules. We will point you to the right person or the official source.

Rüzgar Üstü in the press: Habertürk · Business World Global (September 2026)

info@rüzgarüstü.com

Rüzgar Üstü is an independent, not-for-profit publication. When using our photos, please credit the photographer and Rüzgar Üstü. Rights for third-party photos belong to their owners.